What it means
受身形 expresses the passive voice: the grammatical subject receives an action rather than performing it. The person or thing that performs the action is commonly marked by に, while the affected person or thing is marked by は or が. It is used for direct passive statements such as being called, praised, or introduced, and it can also describe an unwanted event affecting someone, especially with verbs such as 来る. The verb changes according to its class, and the polite version uses the corresponding ます ending.
Usage note
With verbs such as one-ending verbs and 来る, られる can also express potential or honorific meaning, so context is important. For a noun used as a する verb, attach される to the noun, as in 紹介される; this is a separate pattern from ordinary noun-plus-passive wording.
How to use it
私は友達に紹介されます。
I am introduced by a friend.
私は先生にほめられます。
I am praised by the teacher.
私は夜遅くに隣人に家へ来られます。
I am inconvenienced when a neighbor comes to the house late at night.
私は係員に呼ばれます。
I am called by the staff member.
私は友達に紹介される。
I am introduced by a friend.
私は先生にほめられる。
I am praised by the teacher.
私は夜遅くに隣人に家へ来られる。
I am inconvenienced when a neighbor comes to the house late at night.
私は係員に呼ばれる。
I am called by the staff member.