What it means
上では presents a judgment or situation from a particular standpoint, framework, rule, or set of information. It is commonly used with a noun phrase in the pattern Nの上では, meaning “from the perspective of N” or “according to N.” The statement may be limited to that viewpoint and may not describe the practical or complete reality.
Usage note
上では should not be confused with 上で, which can mean “after doing” or “in doing.” The の上では pattern is especially common in formal, written, and explanatory contexts, including discussions of laws, theory, records, and appearances.
How to use it
Nounの上では
法律の上では、その契約は有効です。
According to the law, that contract is valid.
Nounの上では
法律の上では、その契約は有効だ。
According to the law, that contract is valid.